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µo«H¤H: gis83568@cis.nctu (8323568), «H°Ï: programming
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µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ìpºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß (Thu Dec 29 17:47:17 1994)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!gis83568
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------------------------
¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì ù®a²»
gis83568@cis.nctu.edu.tw
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: u8123033@cc.nctu (Paladin Mu), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ìpºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß (Thu Dec 29 18:42:00 1994)
8323568 (gis83568@cis.nctu.edu.tw) wrote:
> ¦pªG¾é¸Ñµ{¦¡¦b°O¾ÐÅ餤¦p¦ó³Q°õ¦æ,
> §@·~¨t²Î´À§ÚÌ°µ¤°»ò¨Æ,
> ¨º»òµ{¦¡³]p¾Ç°_¨Ó´N¤ñ¸û®e©ö¤F.
> n¾é¸Ñ¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc, ·íµMn¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥.
> ²¦³º¹ïªì¾ÇªÌ¦Ó¨¥, °ª¶¥»y¨¥¬O¤ñ¸û®e©ö¼gªº,
> ¦ý¬O¦b¾Ç°ª¶¥»y¨¥¤§«e, À³¸Ó¹ï¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc¦³©Ò»{ª¾,
> ¦Ó³o¤]¬O§Ú»{¬°ªì¾ÇªÌÀ³¥ý¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥ªº²z¥Ñ.
©êºp, ¾Çªø, ¦ý¬O§Ú»{¬°³o¹ê¦b¬O¤@Ó·|³Q»~¾ÉªºÆ[©À. Computer Science
¾Çªº¬O©â¶H¤Æ. Programming Languageªº°Q½×±q¨Ó´N¤£¬Oª½±µ¬[ºc¦b¹q¸£
µwÅé¤Wªº.
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> ¹q¸£¤£¬O¸U¯àªº¶Ü? ¬°¤°»ò¹q¸£¤£¯à³o¼Ë°µ©O?
> John von Neumann ´£¥Xªº stored instruction ¬[ºc.
> ¦b¦¹¬[ºc¤U, µ{¦¡¬O¥Ñ¦s¦b°O¾ÐÅ餤ªº«ü¥O©Ò²Õ¦¨.
> ¦pªG¾é¸Ñµ{¦¡¦b°O¾ÐÅ餤¦p¦ó³Q°õ¦æ,
Von Neumann¬[ºc¨Ã¤£¬O°ß¤@ªº¬[ºc. Backus¦³functional programming
¬[ºc, Prolog¦³prologªº¬[ºc.
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> ¥H¤W©Ò´£ªº¬O°w¹ï¸ê°T¬ì¨t¾Ç¥Í©Î·Qºë¬ãµ{¦¡»y¨¥ªº¤H,
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lambda lifting, §ä¥Xstrongly connected component,
°µtoplogical sort (·Q¤£¨ìcompiler¤¤¤]¥Î¨ì³o»ò¦h¹Ï½×ªºªF¦è).
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> ¦pªG¥u¬Oª±²¼©Ê½è, ¨º»ò¾Ç BASIC §Y¥i,
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»~ªº»{ª¾. :)
plato. rene descartes.william somerset maugham. albert einstein.alan turing
pablo picasso.homer.nicolaus copernicus PALADIN MU georg
cantor. lau tzu . kurt goedel .johnann u8123033@cc.nctu.edu.tw seb
astian bach. alonzo church.claude monet DEP. OF CIS, NCTU. TAIWAN donald
knuth.charles babbage.john backus.von neumann.william shakespeare.aristotle
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: william@cis_nctu (OO/Win/Asm Master), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì_BBS (Dec 29 23:00:45 1994)
¨ä¹ê¨â¦ìªº¬Ýªk, ¬Û·í©ó¨âºØ·¥ºÝ¡Gù¾Çªø¬O bottom-up, ¦Ó¿p¾Ç§Ì¬O top-down¡C
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¦Ü©ó§Ú, §Ú¤@¦V³ßÅw¥¦æ³B²z... :-)
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«hµª®×©ö¥Í²j¡C
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ªººõ¥Ø, ÁקK¤Ñ°¨¦æªÅ¡F©Î¬OÂǦ¹¦A¦^ÀYÀJµZºõ»â, ¨Ï¨ä§ó¤Áºt¶i¤¤ªº«ä¸ô¡C³oºØ
¤ÏÂЪº¥¿¦V°f¦V¦^õX¹Lµ{, ±`±`¥X²{¡C
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©ó¤@±øÃ@©O?
¡¹ gis83568@cis.nctu.edu.tw said:
> n¾é¸Ñ¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc, ·íµMn¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥.
¨º¬°¦ó¤£»¡n¥ý¾Ç¹q¤l¾Ç¡N¼Æ¦ì¨t²Î, ¦A¨Ó¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥©O?
¾Ç²ß¬O«Ü¦³¼u©Êªº...
> ¨ä¹ê²Õ¦X»y¨¥¤]¨S¦³¨º»òÃø¾Ç, ²Õ¦X»y¨¥¤]¥i¥H¤À¯Åªº,
> ¤@Ó¾A¦Xªì¾ÇªÌªº²Õ¦X»y¨¥À³¸Ó¥H¤¶²Ð¾÷¾¹ªº¬[ºc¬°¥DnµÛ²´ÂI,
> ±q¾÷¾¹ªº¬[ºc¶}©l, ±µµÛ¤¶²Ð¸ê®Æ¦s¦b¹q¸£¤¤ªº§Î¦¡,
> ¦A²³æ¤¶²Ð¾÷¾¹«ü¥O, ³Ì«á²³æªº¤¶²Ð§@·~¨t²Î»P½sĶ¾¹²×µ².
Yes, ¦³¹D²z¡C
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> ¥t¥~ªþ±a¤@´£ªº¬O¦b¤u§@¤W¨S¦³¨£¹L BASIC ªºª½Ä¶¾¹©Î½sĶ¾¹.
«x, «Ü±`¨£§r!
¡¹ u8123033@cc.nctu.edu.tw said:
> ©êºp, ¾Çªø, ¦ý¬O§Ú»{¬°³o¹ê¦b¬O¤@Ó·|³Q»~¾ÉªºÆ[©À. Computer Science
> ¾Çªº¬O©â¶H¤Æ. Programming Languageªº°Q½×±q¨Ó´N¤£¬Oª½±µ¬[ºc¦b¹q¸£
> µwÅé¤Wªº.
£°... §A³o¬O¤ñ¸û theoretic¡Ntop-down ªº¬Ýªk¡C¦ý¬O¤£n©¿²¤¤F¥t¦³
realistic¡Nbottom-up ªºÆ[ÂI¡C
> ¹q¸£¨S¦³struct, ¨S¦³array, ¨S¦³cartsian product, ¨S¦³data type,
> ¨S¦³stack, ¨S¦³tree. ³o¨Ç¤£¬O¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc, ¬O¤HÃþ³]p
> ªº©â¶H¬[ºc. ¸ê°T¬ì¾Ç¬ã¨sªº¬O¤HÃþªº©â¶H¬[ºc.
¦ý¬O§ÚÌÁ`¤£¯àn¨D¨CÓªì¾ÇªÌ³£±q Turing machine¡Nautomata ¶}©l§a!
> ¦ý§Ú·Q±z»¡ªº "¬O¦]¬°¤£¾é¸Ñ¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc", ¨ä¹ê "¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc" ¬O¥t¥~¤@Ó
> ·N«ä. ¦ýµL½×¦p¦ó, À³¸Ó¤£»Ýn¥H¨º»ò²Ó¸`ªº²Õ¦X»y¨¥¬°¸Ñ¨M¤è®×.
¦pªG¹ï¤@Ó¹q¾÷¥X¨ªº¤H, ¥i¯à¥Ñ¦¹¤Jªù·|¸û¶¶§Q, ¦]¬°³o¥i¥H»´©ö©M¥L¹L¥h
ªºª¾ÃÑI´º»Î±µ°_¨Ó¡C
>> ¦pªG¥u¬Oª±²¼©Ê½è, ¨º»ò¾Ç BASIC §Y¥i,
> ¾Ç§Ì»{¬°, ¦pªG¥u¬Oª±²¼©Ê½è, ¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥¥i¥H´£¨Ñ¥t¤@ºØª±
> ¹q¸£ªºª±ªk, ¦ý¬O¹ï¾Ç¸ê°Tªº¤H¨Ó»¡, ¥d¦º¦b¹q¸£¬[ºc¤W¬O¿ù
> »~ªº»{ª¾. :)
¨¥«¤F... :-)
ù¾Çªøªº·N«ä¤£¬On§â§A¡§¥d¡¨¦b¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc, ¦Ó¬O¥H¨ä¬°¶¥±è¡N³~®|¡C
¹Lªe¶·´ç²î, ¤W©¤¤F, ²î¥i¥á, ¤]¥i¤£¥á¡F
±o³½¦Ó§Ñ¯þ, ÁÙ¬O¤£§Ñ, ºÝ¬Ý¦Û¤vªº¿ï¾Ü»P¤è¦V¡C
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
¡Ý ¦ó®©~ ¡Ý ±o³½¦Ó§ÑÚâ, ±o·N¦Ó§Ñ¨¥¡C ²ø¤l¡E¥~ª«
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: gis83568@cis.nctu (8323568), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ìpºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß (Fri Dec 30 20:47:52 1994)
Paladin Mu (u8123033@cc.nctu.edu.tw) wrote:
>> n¾é¸Ñ¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc, ·íµMn¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥.
> ©êºp, ¾Çªø, ¦ý¬O§Ú»{¬°³o¹ê¦b¬O¤@Ó·|³Q»~¾ÉªºÆ[©À. Computer Science
> ¾Çªº¬O©â¶H¤Æ. Programming Languageªº°Q½×±q¨Ó´N¤£¬Oª½±µ¬[ºc¦b¹q¸£
> µwÅé¤Wªº.
§Úªº¬Ýªk¬O data structure ¬O©â¶H¤Æ
¦ý¬O programming languange ¤£¬O©â¶H¤Æ
§Ú̦b½Í data structure ªº®ÉÔ, ¬O¤£¦Ò¼{¥¦¦s¦b¹q¸£¤¤ªº§Î¦¡
¦ý¬O¨ì¤F programming languange, §ÚÌ«o¥²¶·ª¾¹D¥¦¦s¦b¹q¸£¤¤ªº§Î¦¡
¤£µM¬°¦ó¾ã¼Æªº½d³ò¬° -32768 ¨ì 32767
0.1 ¥[¤Q¦¸¤£µ¥©ó 1?
> ¹q¸£¨S¦³struct, ¨S¦³array, ¨S¦³cartsian product, ¨S¦³data type,
> ¨S¦³stack, ¨S¦³tree. ³o¨Ç¤£¬O¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc, ¬O¤HÃþ³]p
> ªº©â¶H¬[ºc. ¸ê°T¬ì¾Ç¬ã¨sªº¬O¤HÃþªº©â¶H¬[ºc.
§A¥i¯à¤£¾é¸Ñ§Ú©Ò«üªº¹q¸£¬[ºc,
§Ú«üªº¹q¸£¬[ºc¬O¹q¸£¦p¦ó¿é¥X¤J,
«ü¥O¦p¦ó³Q°õ¦æ.
> "µ{¦¡»y¨¥" ©Ò«üªºÀ³¸Ó¬Oµ{¦¡³]pªº¤èªk§a? ¦pªG¬O³o¼Ëªº¸Ü,
> ³\¦h©â¶HÆ[©À¥i¯à¤ñ±z©Ò»¡ªºª¾ÃÑÁÙn«n. ªì¾ÇªÌ¥u¬O¾Ç²ß¦p¦óªí¹F
µ{¦¡»y¨¥¥u¬O¤u¨ã, ©â¶HÆ[©À·íµM«Ü«n, ¦ý¤£ÄÝ©óµ{¦¡»y¨¥
------------------------
¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì ù®a²»
gis83568@cis.nctu.edu.tw
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: william@cis_nctu (OO/Win/Asm Master), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì_BBS (Dec 30 22:28:37 1994)
==>[Author]: gis83568@cis.nctu (8323568) on board 'programming'
>> ©êºp, ¾Çªø, ¦ý¬O§Ú»{¬°³o¹ê¦b¬O¤@Ó·|³Q»~¾ÉªºÆ[©À. Computer Science
>> ¾Çªº¬O©â¶H¤Æ. Programming Languageªº°Q½×±q¨Ó´N¤£¬Oª½±µ¬[ºc¦b¹q¸£
>> µwÅé¤Wªº.
> §Úªº¬Ýªk¬O data structure ¬O©â¶H¤Æ
> ¦ý¬O programming languange ¤£¬O©â¶H¤Æ
> §Ú̦b½Í data structure ªº®ÉÔ, ¬O¤£¦Ò¼{¥¦¦s¦b¹q¸£¤¤ªº§Î¦¡
> ¦ý¬O¨ì¤F programming languange, §ÚÌ«o¥²¶·ª¾¹D¥¦¦s¦b¹q¸£¤¤ªº§Î¦¡
> ¤£µM¬°¦ó¾ã¼Æªº½d³ò¬° -32768 ¨ì 32767
> 0.1 ¥[¤Q¦¸¤£µ¥©ó 1?
³o¬O¡§¯S©wµ{¦¡»y¨¥¡¨¦b¡§¯S©w½sĶ¾¹¡¨¤§¤U, ¦b¡§¯S©wµwÅ顨¤Wªº¨î, ¦Ó¤£¬O
¡§¯Â»y¨¥¡¨¥»¨ªº°ÝÃD¡C¡§¯Âµ{¦¡»y¨¥¡¨¬O¥i¥H¿W¥ß©óµwÅ骺¡C
McCarthy ¦b MIT ®É, ¦b von Neumann µwÅé¬[ºc¤U, ÁÙ¬O°µ±o¥X Lisp¡FÁöµM Lisp
©M von Neumann ¬[ºc¬Û²§¡C¦Ó¥B¾Ç Lisp ªº¤H¨Ã¤£»Ýn¾Ç·| von Neumann ¬[ºc¡C
>> "µ{¦¡»y¨¥" ©Ò«üªºÀ³¸Ó¬Oµ{¦¡³]pªº¤èªk§a? ¦pªG¬O³o¼Ëªº¸Ü,
>> ³\¦h©â¶HÆ[©À¥i¯à¤ñ±z©Ò»¡ªºª¾ÃÑÁÙn«n. ªì¾ÇªÌ¥u¬O¾Ç²ß¦p¦óªí¹F
> µ{¦¡»y¨¥¥u¬O¤u¨ã, ©â¶HÆ[©À·íµM«Ü«n, ¦ý¤£ÄÝ©óµ{¦¡»y¨¥
¾Çªø¦³¨S¦³¬Ý¹L¿p«H¦¨¦b¨t¥Z [¸ê°T¤H¶é¦a] ¤Wµoªíªº¤å³¹? ¥Lªº½×ÂI¦h¥b¦bùØÀY,
¨ºùØÁ¿ªº¤ñ¸û§¹¾ã¡C
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
¡Ý ¦ó®©~ ¡Ý ±o³½¦Ó§ÑÚâ, ±o·N¦Ó§Ñ¨¥¡C ²ø¤l¡E¥~ª«
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: william (OO/Win/Asm Master), «H°Ï: 'programming'
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì_BBS (Dec 31 00:04:50 1994)
==>[Author]: pcca.bbs@bbs.nchu (¤p§g) on board 'programming'
>> µ{¦¡»y¨¥¥u¬O¤u¨ã, ©â¶HÆ[©À·íµM«Ü«n, ¦ý¤£ÄÝ©óµ{¦¡»y¨¥
> "µ{¦¡»y¨¥" ©Ò«üªºÀ³¸Ó¬Oºâ¬O¤@ºØ»y¨¥, ¤@ºØ©M¹q¸£·¾³qªº "»y¨¥".
> ¥¦¤£¯àºâ¬O¤@ºØ¤èªk.
¡§µ{¦¡»y¨¥¡¨©TµM¬O¡§©M¹q¸£·¾³qªº»y¨¥¡¨, ¦ý¬O¡u¦p¦ó·¾³q¡v´N¬Oµo©ú»y¨¥ªº¤H
©Ò´x´¤ªº, ¥L¨M©w¤F§ÚÌ©Ò¡§´Á±æ¡¨¹q¸£¯à²z¸Ñ¤HÃþ«äºûªº¡§¨¤«×¡¨¡C
³o¡§«äºûªº¨¤«×¡¨´N¬O¡§¤èªk¡¨¡C¤£¶È¶È¬O§Î¤Uªº¡§¤u¨ã¡¨¦Ó¤w¡C
¼È®É¸õ¶}µ{¦¡»y¨¥, ¦^¨ì¤HÃþ¦ÛµM»y¨¥¨ÓÁ¿, ¤ß²z¾Ç®a¡B»y¨¥¾Ç®a¡B¤HÃþ¾Ç®a³£¤w
§ä¥X¬Û·íÃÒ¾ÚÃÒ©ú¡G¦ÛµM»y¨¥·|¼vÅT¸Ó»y¨¥¨Ï¥ÎªÌªº«äºû¤è¦¡¡C
¦^¨ìµ{¦¡»y¨¥, °²¦p§A¤@½ú¤l³£¦b¥Î FORTRAN, ¦Ó¥B¬O³Ì¥j¦Ñªº FORTRAN, ¦Ó¤£¥h
¸I¨ä¥L»y¨¥, «h§A¥i¯à¤@½ú¤l³£¤£ª¾¹D¥i¥Î»¼°j¨Ó¸Ñ¤K¦Z¡Bªe¤º¶ð°ÝÃD, §A¥i¯à¤@
½ú¤l³£¤£ª¾¹D³ºµM¥i¥H³æ³æ¥Îª¾ÃÑ®w¡B±À½×³W«h´N¯à¼g¥Xµ{¦¡¨Ó, ¦Ó¤£¥Î¨ìµ²ºc¤Æ
¤Tn¯À¡C
µ{¦¡»y¨¥»²§U§ÚÌ«ä¦Ò, ¤]¨î¤F§ÚÌ«ä¦Ò¡C¶i¤J®Ø®Ø¤§¾l, ÁÙ±oÀ´±o¸õ¥X¨Ó¡C
> ¦]¬°¤£ºÞ§A¥Î¨º¤@ºØ "µ{¦¡»y¨¥" ¨Ó¼gµ{¦¡, ¥¦Ìªº¤èªk³£¬O¤@¼Ëªº.
> ¦n¹³§Ú³Ì¶}©l¦Û¾Ç Basic (¤£¬O QBasic), µM«áÂà¥h Pascal, ²{¦b§â C
> ªº®Ñ½¤@½´N¥i¥H¥Î C ¼gµ{¦¡¤F. ¤¤¶¡¹Lµ{§ÚÁÙ¬ã¨s¹L²Õ¦X»y¨¥, QBasic ©M
> Visual Basic.
¨º¬O¦]¬°§Aªº¾Ç²ß¸ôµ{¥u¸I¨ì procedural ³oºØ»y¨¥±Ú¨t¦Ó¤w¡C
¸Õ¸Õ¬Ý Lisp¡BProlog¡BFORTH µ¥µ¥, §A·|µo²{¡u¥¦Ìªº¤èªk«Ü¤£¤@¼Ë¡v¡C
> P©ó, ±z»¡ªº¤èªk. À³¸Óºâ¬O©Ò¿×ªº¤@¨Ç§Þ¥©, ¦p°j°é, ¤ñ¸ûµ¥.
> ¤£µM¤]¥i¥H»¡¬Oµ{¦¡³]pªº¬[ºc, structure programming ©M object-oriented
> programming.
¤ñ³o¨Ç§ó§Î¤W¨Ç¡C
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
¡Ý ¦ó®©~ ¡Ý ±o³½¦Ó§ÑÚâ, ±o·N¦Ó§Ñ¨¥¡C ²ø¤l¡E¥~ª«
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: u8123033@cc.nctu (Paladin Mu), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ìpºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß (Sat Dec 31 02:04:32 1994)
OO/Win/Asm Master (william.bbs@bbs.cis.nctu.edu.tw) wrote:
> ¡§µ{¦¡»y¨¥¡¨©TµM¬O¡§©M¹q¸£·¾³qªº»y¨¥¡¨, ¦ý¬O¡u¦p¦ó·¾³q¡v´N¬Oµo©ú»y¨¥ªº¤H
> ©Ò´x´¤ªº, ¥L¨M©w¤F§ÚÌ©Ò¡§´Á±æ¡¨¹q¸£¯à²z¸Ñ¤HÃþ«äºûªº¡§¨¤«×¡¨¡C
> ³o¡§«äºûªº¨¤«×¡¨´N¬O¡§¤èªk¡¨¡C¤£¶È¶È¬O§Î¤Uªº¡§¤u¨ã¡¨¦Ó¤w¡C
:
> µ{¦¡»y¨¥»²§U§ÚÌ«ä¦Ò, ¤]¨î¤F§ÚÌ«ä¦Ò¡C¶i¤J®Ø®Ø¤§¾l, ÁÙ±oÀ´±o¸õ¥X¨Ó¡C
«z, »¡±o¦n. :)
·Q¥Î§Úªº¸Ü¸É¥R¤@¤U. ¤@Ó»y¨¥¦b¨îq¤@®M©M¹q¸£·¾³qªº¤èªkªº¦P®É,
¨Æ¹ê¤W¤]«·s "©w¸q" ¤F³o¤@³¡¹q¸£. Smalltalk ©w¸q "¹q¸£" ´N¬O¤@°ïª«¥ó,
LISP ©w¸q¹q¸£´N¬O¤@¨Ç²Å¸¹©M memory cell, FORTH ©w¸q¹q¸£¬O°ïÅ|©M word.
Prolog °®¯Ü©w¸q¹q¸£¥»¨´NÀ´±À²z, ¹q¸£¬O¥Ñ¨âÓ³¡¥÷ºc¦¨ªº¡G³W«h¸ê®Æ®w,
©M±À²z¤ÞÀº (¥H¤Î¤@Ó interface).
¦b Pascal ªº©w¸q¤¤, ¹q¸£¬O¤@³¡ùر¦³¤@¨Ç¦a¤è¥i¥H©ñ¾ã¼Æ, ¤@¨Ç¦a¤è¥i¥H
©ñ¹ê¼Æ, ´£¨Ñ¤@¨Ç¾÷ºcÅý programmer ©w¸q¦Û¤vªº¸ê®Æ«¬ºA... ªº¾÷¾¹.
Pascal ªº«ü¼Ð¬O¤£¥i¥H¥[´îªº, enum type ¬O¤£¥i¥H¦C¦Lªº, ¦]¬°¦b Pascal
ªº¹q¸£¼Ò«¬¤¤, ³o¼Ëªº°Ê§@¨S¦³·N¸q. ¦Ó C »y¨¥¶i¤@¨Bªº³W©w¹q¸£¬O¤@Ó°O
¾ÐÅé¤À¥|Ãþ (stack, heap, global, code) ªº¾÷¾¹, ¨ä¤¤¬Y¨Ç°O¾ÐÅ馳³sÄò
ªº¦ì¸mÃö«Y, ©Ò¥H¥¦»{¬°«ü¼Ð¥i¥H¥[´î; C ªº©w¸q¤¤ char, enum, int ³£¬O
¼ÆÈ, ©Ò¥H¦r¤¸¥i¥H·í¼Æ¦r¨Ó¦L. ³o¨âªÌªº®t²§¬O©w¸qªº°ÝÃD, ¦Ó¤£¬O¹q¸£¥ý
¤Ñµ²ºcªº°ÝÃD. ¦Ó³o¨âªÌªº©w¸q³£©M¹ê»Úªº¹q¸£¬[ºc¦³¤@¨Ç¶ZÂ÷.
»y¨¥ªº³W©w¤Ï¬M¥X¤F»y¨¥³]pªÌ§Æ±æ§Ú̥Τ°»ò¤è¦¡¨Ó«ä¦Ò. Smalltalk
programmer ¬Ý°ÝÃD³£¬Oª«¥ó, APL programmer «ä¦Ò°_¨Ó³£¬O vector¡Nlist,
¦]¬°³o¨Ç¬O»y¨¥´£¨Ñªº¼Ò«¬. C ©Î Pascal ªº¼Ò«¬§i¶D§ÚÌ "§âµ{¦¡¤@¦æ
¤@¦æ¼g, ¹q¸£´N¤@¦æ¤@¦æ run". ¦³¨Ç¼Ò«¬¤¤, ´X¦æ¥i¥H¤@°_ run; ¦³¨Ç¼Ò«¬
¤¤ÁöµM¤@¦¸¥u³B²z¤@Ó, ¦ý®Ú¥»¨S¦³¿ìªkª¾¹Dþ¤@Ó¥ý run, þ¤@Ó«á run,
¬Æ¦Ü run ¤£ run ±o¨ì³£¨S¿ìªk½T©w (¬Û¤Ïªº programmer ¯à½T©wªº¬O¸ê®Æªº
²£¥Í©M¶Ç»¼). Programmer ¬O«Ø¿v¦b»y¨¥´£¨Ñªº¬[ºc¤W±«ä¦Òªº, ¥u¬O¤j®a
²ß©ó¦p¦¹°µ¦Ó¤£¦Ûª¾.
§Úı±o programming ¥»¨Ó´N¬O¤@¥ó©â¶Hªº¨Æ, ¤]³\³oÓÆ[ÂIºâ¬O°¾¿E¬£Åo. :)
> µ{¦¡»y¨¥»²§U§ÚÌ«ä¦Ò, ¤]¨î¤F§ÚÌ«ä¦Ò¡C¶i¤J®Ø®Ø¤§¾l, ÁÙ±oÀ´±o¸õ¥X¨Ó¡C
³oÂI«Ü«n. ³o¨Ç paradigms ¦b´£¨Ñ§Ṳ́@Ó¦n¬[ºcªº¦P®É, ¤]¦¨¬°¤FÂ\²æ
¤£±¼ªº¥]µö. ÁöµM¬ã¨s FP ¨â¦~¦h¤F, ¤´Ä±Ãø¥HÂ\²æ¥H«eªº¼Ò¦¡, ²`¨ü¨äW.
plato. rene descartes.william somerset maugham. albert einstein.alan turing
pablo picasso.homer.nicolaus copernicus PALADIN MU georg
cantor. lau tzu . kurt goedel .johnann u8123033@cc.nctu.edu.tw seb
astian bach. alonzo church.claude monet DEP. OF CIS, NCTU. TAIWAN donald
knuth.charles babbage.john backus.von neumann.william shakespeare.aristotle
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: u8123033@cc.nctu (Paladin Mu), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ìpºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß (Sat Jan 7 02:17:08 1995)
> ¥i§_¥H¤@²³æªº¨Ò¤l¤ñ¸û procedural (§Ú¦n¹³¨S¨£¹L³oÓ¦r, ¥i¯à§Ñ¤F!)
'Procedure', µ{§Ç. ¦Ü¤Ö±z¦b Pascal ¤¤´N·|¬Ý¨ì procedure «Å§i§a. :)
> ³oºØ»y¨¥±Ú¨t©M±z«üªº Lisp, Prolog, FORTH? ¦ó¥H¤èªk¤£¤@¼Ë?
Á|¤@Ó±`¨£ªº¨Ò¤l¦n¤F: ºâ n ¶¥¼h. ¥Î procedure ¦¡ªº (©ÎªÌ¥s°µ imperative,
«ü¥O¦¡ªº, sequencial, ¶¶§Çªº) »y¨¥, ³q±`¼g¦¨
fact=1;
for i=1 to n
fact=fact*i
//°j°é°õ¦æ§¹«á, fact ¤¤´N¦s©ñ¤F n! ¤F
³o®É§Ú̧i¶D¹q¸£ªº¬O: º¥ý§A¦bÅÜ¼Æ fact ¤¤©ñ 1, µM«á§â i ¤¤©ñ¤J 1,
µM«á¦b fact ¤¤©ñ¤J fact*i, µM«á§â i+1, µM«á.... Á`¤§, §i¶D¹q¸£ªº¬O
¤@³s¦êªº "«ü¥O" (©Ò¥H¥s imperative), §i¶D¹q¸£ 'HOW TO' ºâ¶¥¼h.
¹q¸£¥un¶Ì¶Ìªº·Ó°µ, °µ¨ì«á¨Ó fact ³oÓÅܼÆùر´N·|¥¿¦n¦³ n! ³oÓÈ.
* * *
¥t¥~¤@ºØ¤èªk¬O§i¶D¹q¸£ 'WHAT IS' ¶¥¼h. §â¶¥¼hªº©w¸q§i¶D¹q¸£, ¨Ã¤£§i¶D
¹q¸£«ç»òºâ (how to), Åý¹q¸£¦Û¤v¥h·Q¿ìªkºâ¥X¨Ó. ³oºØµ{¦¡³]p¤èªk¥s°µ
"«Å§i" ¦¡ (declarative) ªº. Prolog ÄÝ©ó declarative ªº»y¨¥, LISP ¤]
¥i¥H¼g¦¨ declarative ªº. «ç»ò§i¶D¹q¸£ what is ¶¥¼h©O? ¶¥¼hªº©w¸q¬O
0! = 1 0 ¶¥¼h¬O 1
n! = n * (n-1)! n ¶¥¼h´N¬O n ¼¤W n-1 ¶¥¼h
Prolog ªººë¯«¬OÅÞ¿è±Àºt. ¦pªG¥Î Prolog ¨Ó¼gªº¸Ü, §A§i¶D¹q¸£ªº¤£¦A¬O
¤@³s¦ê "¥ý³o¼Ë, ¦A¨º¼Ë", ¦Ó¬O,
¨Æ¹ê : 1 ¬O 0 ªº¶¥¼h
³W«h : x ¬O n ªº¶¥¼h, °£«D x µ¥©ó n ¼¥H n-1 ªº¶¥¼h
§â³o¼Ëªº±Ôzµ¹¤F¹q¸£«á, §A´N¥i¥H°Ý¹q¸£ "5 ªº¶¥¼h¬O¦h¤Ö?", µM«á
¹q¸£´N·|±q 0!=1 ¶}©l±À½×¨ì 5!=120 , µM«á§i¶D§Aµª®×.
§Ú¤£·|¼g Prolog... ©Ò¥H«ô°U¨ä¥L°ª¤âÅo.
* * *
Prolog ¬[ºc¦bÅÞ¿è¤W, LISP ¬[ºc¦b»¼°j¨ç¼Æ¤W. ¥Î LISP ºâ¶¥¼h, º¥ý
¦^·Q¤@¤U¶¥¼hªº©w¸q:
0! = 1 0 ¶¥¼h¬O 1
n! = n * (n-1)! n ¶¥¼h´N¬O n ¼¤W n-1 ¶¥¼h
©Ò¥Hµ{¦¡´N¥i¥H¼g¦¨
(defun fact(n)
(cond ((= n 0) 1 ) ¦pªG n=0, 0 ¶¥¼h´N¬O 1
(T (* n (fact (- n 1)) )) §_«h (T),
n ¶¥¼h´N¬O n ¼¤W n-1 ¶¥¼h
))
LISP ªº»yªk¤ñ¸û©_©Ç°Õ, ¤£¹L§A¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì¥H¤Wªº¨â¦æµ{¦¡¬O©M¨â¦æ©w¸q
¤@¤@¹ïÀ³ªº. ¦pªG¥Î Haskell ©Î Miranda ¨Ó¼g, §A¯uªº¥i¥H¼g¦¨
fact 0 = 1
fact n = n * (fact (n-1)) ¤£nÃhºÃ, ³o¬O¥i¥H run ªºµ{¦¡. :)
¦b³oºØ¼gªk¤¤, §ÚÌ¥u¬O¼g¥X fact ªº©w¸q, ¨Ã¨S¦³§i¶D¹q¸£¨ºÓ°Ê§@n¥ý°µ,
¨ºÓ³¡¥÷n«á°µ. ¹q¸£¦Û¤v·|·Ó¾A·íªº¶¶§Ç¥h¨DÈ. ¹ê»Ú¤W¦b Haskell/Miranda
¤¤, ¹q¸£¯u¥¿ºtºâªº¶¶§Ç¥i¯à®Ú¥»µLªk¹w´ú.
Ãö©ó FORTH, ¤]±o½Ð±Ð¨ä¥L°ª¤â¤F.
plato. rene descartes.william somerset maugham. albert einstein.alan turing
pablo picasso.homer.nicolaus copernicus PALADIN MU georg
cantor. lau tzu . kurt goedel .johnann u8123033@cc.nctu.edu.tw seb
astian bach. alonzo church.claude monet DEP. OF CIS, NCTU. TAIWAN donald
knuth.charles babbage.john backus.von neumann.william shakespeare.aristotle
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: yhliu.bbs@vlsi1.iie.ncku (¼BÀ³¿³), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¦¨¤j¸ê°T©Ò_BBS (Sat Dec 31 02:17:31 1994)
¹ï¤£°_! ¬Ý¤F´X¦ì±M®aºë±mªº°Q½×, §Ú³oÓ¥~¦æ¤H¤]·Qªí¥Ü¤@¤U§Ú
ªº²L¨£¡C
¦pªG¡uªì¾ÇªÌ¡v«üªº¬O¥H«á±N±M¾©ó¦UºØµ{¦¡³]p¤u§@¡B©Î³]p¨t
²Îµ{¦¡¤§Ãþªº±M®a¤u§@, ¨º»ò¥ý¾Ç°ª¶¥»y¨¥«á¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥, ¥¿¦p¦P
±Ð¾Ç¤W¥ý°µÂ²³æªº¨Ò¤l©Î»¡©ú²³æªº¤èªk, µM«á¦A°µ¸û½ÆÂø§xÃøªº
°ÝÃD¡C¥ý¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥«á¾Ç¦UºØ°ª¶¥»y¨¥, ¦p¦P¥ý¾Ç²ß¤@¯ë¡B½ÆÂøªº
ªF¦è, µM«á²¤Æ¨ì¸û²³æªº±¡ªp¡C¥ý¾Ç³nÅé³]p²z½×¡Bºtºâªkµ¥,
¦A¾Ç¨ãÅ骺µ{¦¡»y¨¥, ¦³ÂI¹³¼Æ¾Ç¤¤¥ýÁ¿©â¶Hªº²z½×, ¦A§â¥¦¥Î¨ì
¨ãÅ骺¨Ò¤l¤¤¡C
ÁöµM¤Wz¤ñÀÀ¨Ã¤£¬O«Ü¾A·í, ¦ýµL¥i¿Ð¨¥ªº, ²Õ¦X»y¨¥ªº¾Ç²ß¬O¤ñ
°ª¶¥»y¨¥§xÃø; ¥\¯à²³æªº»y¨¥§ó®e©ö¤Jªù¡C§Ú¬Û«H¾Ç¹L²Õ¦X»y¨¥
«á¹ï¾Ç¨ä¥L»y¨¥·|¦³©ÒÀ°§U, ¦ý³o¤]¤£¨£±o´N¤@©wn±q¥¦µÛ¤â§a¡S
¾Ç²ß°ª¶¥»y¨¥¬O»ÝnÁA¸Ñ¤@¨Ç¹q¸£¹B§@ªº¤è¦¡, ¦ý³o¨Ã¤£ªí¥Ü¤@©w
n¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥¡C¾Ç¤F°ª¶¥»y¨¥«á¦³®ÉÔ¥i¯à§«®`²Õ¦X»y¨¥ªº¾Ç²ß,
¨Ò¦p¾Çªº¬O¥\¯à¸û¤Ö, ¨S¦³¡u«ü¼Ð¡vªºFORTRAN¡BBASICµ¥, ¥i¯à¹ï
²Õ¦X»y¨¥¤¤¡uÅܼơv¥u¬O¡u¦ì§}¡v·|¦³¨Ç°g´b, ¤£¹L§Ú·Q³oºØ§«Ãª
À³¸Ó¤£ÄY«; ¦Ó¥B§Ú»{¬°°ª¶¥»y¨¥ªº¤@¨Ç¸gÅ礴µM¬O¦³§U©ó¾Ç²ß²Õ
¦X»y¨¥ªº (°£¤FLISP, PROLOG ¥H¥~)¡C
§Úªº·Qªk¬O: ¤@¯ë (¤£¥u¹q¸£¤è±) ªº¾Ç²ß¤è¦¡¥i¯à¤j¦h¬OÁ³±Û¦¡
ªº¾Ç²ß§a¡S¥ý¾Ç¤ñ¸û²³æ¡B±µªñ¦ÛµM»y¨¥ªº¤@¨âºØ°ª¶¥»y¨¥, ¦b¦¹
¦P®É¾Ç²ß¤@¨Ç¹q¸£¹B§@ªº°ò¥»ª¾ÃÑ, ¥H¤Î°ò¥»ªººtºâªk¡B¸ê®Æµ²ºc¡B
³nÅé³]p·§©Àµ¥¡CµM«á¦b»y¨¥¤è±¥i¾Ç²ß C »y¨¥¡B²Õ¦X»y¨¥, ¦b³n
Åé³]p¤è±¥i¾Ç²ßºtºâªk¡B¸ê®Æµ²ºc¡B¨t²Î³]pµ¥¡C¦A¨Ó¬O§@·~¨t
²Î¡B¨t²Îµ{¦¡µ¥¡C
¦pªG¡uªì¾ÇªÌ¡v¥u¬O·Q¥Î¹q¸£, ³q±`¥L¨Ã¤£»Ýn¥h¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥ªº!
À³¸Ó¦Ò¼{ªº¬O: ¥L¥i¯à¼gµ{¦¡°µþ¤è±ªº¨Æ¡S¥Ñ¦¹¿ï¾Ü¤@Ó¾A·íªº
°ª¶¥»y¨¥¥h¾Ç´N¦n¤F¡C·íµM¦pªG¥L¦³¿³½ì, ¥i¥H¦A¥h¾Ç¨ä¥L»y¨¥,
¬Æ¦Ü²Õ¦X»y¨¥, ³o¥u¬O¬°¤F¥±`©Ò¥Îªº»y¨¥¦b¬Y¤@¤u§@¤WÃø¥H°µ¨ì
®É·í°µ³Æ¥Î¦Ó¤w¡C
¤@¨Ç²L¨£, ½Ð¤Å¨£³d!
==============================================================================
µo«H¤H: syc@cc.ntu (Shiau Yong-Ching), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥xÆW¤j¾Ç (Mon Jan 9 17:41:13 1995)
8323568 (gis83568@cis.nctu.edu.tw) wrote:
> n¾é¸Ñ¹q¸£ªº¬[ºc, ·íµMn¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥.
> ¾Ç§¹¤F²Õ¦X»y¨¥, ¹ï¹q¸£¬[ºc¦³ªì¨Bªº»{ÃÑ«á,
> ±µµÛ´N¬O¾Ç²ß¤@ºØ°ª¶¥»y¨¥, n¾Ç Pascal ©Î C ©Î¤GªÌ³£¾Ç,
> §ÚÁÙ¨S¦³¤@Óµª®×.
¨ä¹ê§Úı±o³o¬O C (or Pascal) »y¨¥±Ð¬ì®Ñªº°ÝÃD. ³Ì²³æªº²Õ¦X»y¨¥´N¬O
pseudo asm. §Úªº¬Ýªk¬O¦b C ªº®ÑÄy²Ä¤@Ó³¹¸`¥ý¨ÓÓp·§, ¶¶«K©w¸q¦n¤@Ó
ª±¨ã CPU, ³o¼Ë¹ï©ó¾Ç C ¦Ó¨¥, ¨Æ¥b¥\¿. C ¾Ç§¹¤§«á, ¤@¤U¤l´N¥i¥H¾Ç¦n
8086 ªº²Õ¦X»y¨¥ (°ª¯Åªº³á) ¤F...
¥J²Ó¬Ý¬Ý K&R ªº bible, §Úı±o¥L̼g³o¥»®Ñªº®ÉÔ, ´N¬O°²³]ŪªÌ¦³³oÓ
"²Ä 0 ³¹" ªº°ò¥»I´º.
Shiau Yong-Ching (¿½¥Ã¼y) Phone: 7358499 - 717
E-mail: syc@cc.ntu.edu.tw
Department of Electrical Engineering, Taiwan University
=============================================================================
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: clock.bbs@csie.nctu (©@°Ø¶W¤H), «H°Ï: programming
¼Ð ÃD: ¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥¦³¤°»ò¥Î³B¶Ü ?
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¤u»ñ°Ä«°¸ê°T¯¸ (Fri Jun 16 16:27:15 1995)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!news.csie.nctu!phoenix
==> ¦b brams.bbs@eden.ee.nctu.edu.tw (Brams) ªº¤å³¹¤¤´£¨ì:
> ²{¤µ¦UºØ»y¨¥¦Êªáª§»ï, OWL, MFC, VB ..... µ¥µ¥
> °Q½×²Õ»y, ¼g²Õ»yªº¤H¬O¤£¬O¶V¨Ó¶V¤Ö¤F ??
> §Ú²{¦b¥¿W¤ß±M¬ã²Õ»y..
> ¦ý, ·Pı¤W, °£¤F¯}¸Ñ±K½X¥~, ·|¥Î¨ì²Õ»y¨Ó¼gµ{¦¡ªº¾÷·|¯u¬O¤Ö¤§¤S¤Ö..
> ¨s³º, ¾Ç²Õ»y¨ì©³¦³¤°»ò¹ê»Ú¤Wªº¦n³B??
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----====**** Good-bye & Hello ****====----
* Origin: ¡´ ¥æ³q¤j¾Ç¸ê°T¤uµ{¨t BBS ¡´ From: Beta.Dorm11.NCTU.edu.tw
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: EightCloud.bbs@firebird (´P¶³), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¤¤¥¿¸ê¤u¥|¦Ê¦~¨Ó²Ä¤@¯¸ (Sun Jun 18 01:57:28 1995)
¥ý»¡§Ú¾Ç¹Lªº¸gÅç¦n¤F,
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=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: Alpha.bbs@csie.nctu (·¬yÂ_¼C¤p¤p§b), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¤u»ñ°Ä«°¸ê°T¯¸ (Sun Jun 18 15:29:05 1995)
==> ¦b HYD.bbs@bbs.ee.nthu.edu.tw. (°l·¨k«Ä) ªº¤å³¹¤¤´£¨ì:
> ÁöµM²Õ¦X»y¨¥¯uªº®¼ºÞ¥Îªº. ¤£¹L²{¦bµ{¦¡³]pªº·s¥D¬y¦n¹³¬O oop, ·s¤@¥Nªº
> »y¨¥³£¦³ oop ªºÆ[©À, ¦Ó¥B¥¼¨Óªº¹q¸£»y¨¥·Q¥²¬O´Â¦V°ª¶¥¡B¿Ë©Mªº¤è¦V«e¶i,
> ¦p¦¹¬Ý¨Ó, °£«D¦³¿³½ì©Î¬O±M·~¤H¤h, ¤£µM¾Ç²Õ¦X¤£¬O«Ü¦³¥²n.
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±¦³ªº¨Sªº®É, ¨º¨Ç¤W±ªº±±¨î¾¹¥i³£¨S³oÓ powerful ªº§@·~¨t
²ÎÀ°§A¶Ç»¼ª«¥ó, ¥i³£±o¾a¯uºj¹ê¼uªº²Õ»y¤~¯àµo´§³Ì¤j®Ä¯àù!
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¾Ç¾Ç, ¤£µM¦Û»s¹êÅç³]³Æ«ç»ò©M§A powerful ªº os µ²¦Xù?
* Origin: ¡´ ¥æ³q¤j¾Ç¸ê°T¤uµ{¨t BBS ¡´ From: 140.113.11.72
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: ax.bbs@bbs.ee.nthu. (athena), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¡¸²MµØ¹q¾÷¡¸ (Mon Jun 19 03:50:08 1995)
> ¦ý,·Pı¤W, °£¤F¯}¸Ñ±K½X¥~, ·|¥Î¨ì²Õ»y¨Ó¼gµ{¦¡ªº¾÷·|¯u¬O¤Ö¤§¤S¤Ö..
> ¨s³º, ¾Ç²Õ»y¨ì©³¦³¤°»ò¹ê»Ú¤Wªº¦n³B??
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¦ý¬O¾Ç²ß²Õ»yªº¹Lµ{´£¨Ñ¤F¨âÓ«D±`«nªº°V½m¡A¬O¨ä¥L°ª¶¥»y¨¥©ÒÃø
±æ¨ä¶µIªº¡G
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µ{¦¡½X¡A°÷¤F¡C¨ä¥Lªº§Þ¥©¥u¬O§AÄ@¤£Ä@·N¥h¾Ç¡A·Q¤£·Q·í hacker ¦Ó¤w¡A
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=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: nlchang.bbs@me.nypi (p¤¤SysOp), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¶³±M¾÷»s´Ú´Ú¬X±¡ (Mon Jun 19 16:24:53 1995)
§Ú¥Î²Õ¦X»y¨¥¦³ªñ¤Q¦~¤F. §Ú¤Q¤À¤ä«ù¾Ç²ß²Õ¦X»y¨¥. ¦³¤H»¡²Õ¦X»y¨¥¤£¹ê¥Î, §Ú¤£
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¤]¥i¥H³o»ò°µ. ²Õ¦X»y¨¥¬O firmware ªº©x¤è»y¨¥. ¥un©MµwÅé§è¤WÃö«Yªºµ{¦¡, ²Õ
¦X»y¨¥³£¬O³Ì¦nªº¿ï¾Ü. ©Ò¥HµwÅé¤uµ{®v³£¥²»Ýnºë³q²Õ¦X»y¨¥.
²Õ¦X»y¨¥¥t¤@Ó¦n³B¬O¥i¥H¥Î¨Ó°£¿ù. ¦³®É¦b¨Ï¥Î§O¤Hªº function ®É, ©¹©¹¤£¬O¤Q
¤À¤F¸Ñ©I¥sªº¤èªk. ¦]¦¹±`±`¥Î¿ù¦Ó¤£¦Ûª¾. Y·|²Õ¦X»y¨¥, ¥i¥H¥ß¨è¤Á¤J assembly
mode ¨Ó³æ¨B trace. «Ü®e©ö´N¥i¥H§ä¥X°ÝÃDªº©Ò¦b. ¦p stack overflow, type
mismatch, illegal pointer...
²Õ¦X»y¨¥¤£¬O¥u¯à¥Î¨Ó¯}¸Ñ§O¤Hªºµ{¦¡. ¦n¦n¥Î¥¦, ¥¦¬O¤@§âÄ_¤M.
¤£·|¥Î, ¨º¥u¯à®³¨ÓÀ~¤H.
°ê¥ß¶³ªL¤u±M ¹qºâ¤¤¤ß SysOp
TEL: (05) 632-9643 EXT.245
* Origin: ¡´ ¶³±M¾÷»s´Ú´Ú¬X±¡¸ê°T¯¸ ¡´ From: 140.130.1.32
=============================================================================
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: william@cis_nctu (¦ó®©~¥D), «H°Ï: programming
¼Ð ÃD: ÁÙn¾Ç²Õ»y¶Ü?
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì_BBS (Feb 17 00:43:30 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu
==>[§@ªÌ]: exc.bbs@bbs.ntu(Áú·¬) ¦b programming °Q½×°Ï¤¤´£¨ì:
> §Ú·Q¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥¡A¦ý Win95 ¥X²{«á¡A¦n¹³³s¤@¯ëªº®ÑÂÇ¡BÂø»x
> ³£±NµJÂI©ñ¦b C++, Visual C++, Visual Basic, Delphi¡A
> ¬O¤£¬O²Õ¦X»y¨¥n¨S¸¨¤F¡H¤£ª¾¥¦¤µ«áªº«e³~¦p¦ó? µo®i¤S¬O¦p¦ó?
> ´N³s³oÓª©¤W«e±ªº°Q½×¤]¤Ö¨£¦³Ãö²Õ»yªº¡A¬O§_§Ú¸Ó¾Ç¥¦©O?
> ¥ç¬O°l³v¼é¬yªºÅÜ°Ê? Y·Q¦¨±M·~ªºµ{¦¡³]pªÌ¬O§_¤@©wn·|²Õ»y¡H
> ½Ð¦P¦n½ç±Ð¡I·P¿E¤£ºÉ?
¦pªG§A¤£·Q¦¨¬° system programmer ¥u·Q°±¯d¦b end-user computing »â°ì,
¤£·Q°l¨D³Ì°ªªº°õ¦æ©Ê¯à,
¤£·Q¸I¨ì¥ô¦ó¸ò¶gÃä³]³Æ¦³Ãöªº±±¨î°Ê§@,
¤£·Q¹ï¹q¸£¬[ºc¦³§ó¶i¤@¨Bªº»{ÃÑ,
¤£·Q¸I½sĶ¾¹³]pªº²z½×»P¹ê°È,
¨S¦³½Òµ{©Î¤u§@¤WªºÀ£¤O,
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¡Ý ¦ó®©~ ¡Ý ¤¤¾Ç¥Í¥H¥ñ®×Ū®Ñ¬°¥D, ¤j¾Ç¥Í«hÀ³°_¦Ó°ªÂ¤»·Æf¡C Whitehead.
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: william@cis_nctu (¦ó®©~¥D), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì_BBS (Feb 18 03:26:19 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu
==>[§@ªÌ]: TerryAries.bbs@bbs.ncku(Terry) ¦b programming °Q½×°Ï¤¤´£¨ì:
>> ¦pªG§A¤£·Q¦¨¬° system programmer ¥u·Q°±¯d¦b end-user computing »â°ì,
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> n¦¨¬°¤@Ó system programmer ¤£¬O©ö¨Æ, ¦b³o MOS ¤¤³o¼Ë°µ¨Ã¨S¦n³B.
> ¯d¦b¸ò¤H®a¨«´N¦n¤F. ¤H¦³ DELPHI ´N¥Î°Ú! ¦³ VB ´N¥Î°Ú.
¦³ Mathematica ´N°÷¥Î¤F, ·F¹ÀÁپǨº»ò¦h¦~ªº¼Æ¼Æ¡Bºâ¼Æ¡B¥N¼Æ¡B¨ç¼Æ§r?
nª¾¹D¡Gn¾Ç·|¼Æ¼Æ¤£Â²³æ, n¾Ç·|ºâ¼Æ¤£Â²³æ, n¾Ç·|¥N¼Æ¤£Â²³æ,
n¾Ç·|¨ç¼Æ§ó¤£Â²³æ......
>> ¤£·Q°l¨D³Ì°ªªº°õ¦æ©Ê¯à,
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> °ª°õ¦æ©Ê¯à? ³o¤£¬O¹ï¨Å餣¦nªº¶Ü? why don't use DELPHI or VB?
> ¥Î¥L̨Ӽgprogram ¤£¬O©ö«Ü¦h¶Ü? ´N³s¼gÓ¦³°ò¥»¥\¯àªºeditor ´N¥un
> ¤Q¨Ó¦æ´N·d©w¤F, ¤S¤£¥Î¥h¾Çn«ç¼Ë¼geditorªº¨º¤@°O¾ÐÅé¤À°t°Ú! ¦r¦ê
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> REGISTER ¬O¤°»ò³£¤£ª¾, ÁÙ¤£¬O¯à¼gPROGRAM ¨Ógain money.
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¦è¬v¤£¬O¦³¥y¿Î»y¡G¦n©_¤ß·|±þ¦º¤@°¦¿ßÁÙ¬Oª¯... ¤°»ò°Êª«?
«¥¤¤°ê¤H¤]¦³¥y¿Î»y¡G¤ÖºÞ¶¢¨Æ!
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=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: chacha.bbs@aidebbs («ê«ê), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: »OÆW¾Ç³Nºô¸ô BBS ¹êÅ篸 (Mon Feb 19 22:45:22 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!news.csie.nctu!aide_board
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=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: whchuang@csie.nctu (CPlusPlus), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: »OÆW. ·s¦Ë. ¥ú´_¸ô. ª¯ºÛ. ²ø°¶§» (Wed Feb 21 01:00:01 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!news.csie.nctu!whchuang
§Ú·R²Õ»y.
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=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: is82219@cis.nctu (Qing), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ìpºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß (Wed Feb 21 12:31:22 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!cissun51!is82219
Terry (TerryAries.bbs@bbs.ncku.edu.tw) wrote:
> ¦³¨S¦³¤ô·Ç©O! ´N§A¦Û¤v¬Ý¤F, ¦ý¦³¤@ÂI¬O§An¬Ý²M·¡ìpost¤H¬O·Q°Ýassembly
> ÁÙ¦³¨S¦³«e³~, ¦bwin95³o¨Ços¤§¤U, §Ú¥»¨Ó¤]¤£·Q¦^«Hªº, ¦ý§A̹ê¦b¬O.....
§A¥H¬°¥þ¥xÆW¥u¦³§A¦b¥Î 32bits ªº OS ¶Ü..? §Ú¥Î OS/2
ÁÙ¤£¬O¦³»Ý¨Dn¼g ASM.
> §Anª¾¹D, ¨Ã«D¨CÓ¤H³£¹ïcompiler, os¤§ÃþªºªF¦è¦³¿³½ì.
> ¤]¨Ã¤£¬O¨CÓ¤H³£·|¦³¾÷·|(·Q)¦b°µ¤@¨Ç¤j«¬¹qª±,
> §A¥i¥H»¡²{¦b·|¦³¦h¤Ö¤H·|¥h¾Çassembly? §Ú¦Û¤v¼g³o»ò¦h¦~assembly,
> ¬Ý¨ì¯uªºn¾Çªº¤H´N¶V¨Ó¶V¤Ö,®Ñ¤]¬O. ¨CÓ³£¬O¾Ç¨Ó¼gvirus crack ¤@¤Usoftware,
> §Ú¯u¬O¨ì²{¦b¤~ª¾¹Dassembly¥u¬O®³¨Ó³o¼Ë¥Îªº........
Ãø©Ç¤F.. ¦]¬°§Aªº assembly ÁÙ°±¯d¦b¤£¹ê¥Îªº¶¥¬q. ¨þ...
> §Ú¬O¦h»¡¤F¨Ç¼o¸Ü, ¦ý§A¯à»¡²{¦b¤£¬O¤@Óª÷¿ú¾É¦VªºªÀ·|,
§Y¨Ï²{¦b¬OÓª÷¿ú¾É¦VªºªÀ·| ( ¤£¥Nªí§ÚªÖ©w ) ¾Ç assembly ´N¤@©w
¤£·|ÁÈ¿ú¶Ü..? ¨Ï¥Î·U²×ºÝªºªF¦è, ¥Ã»·³£³Q´x´¤ì©l§Þ³Nªº¤H©Ò±±¨î
, ¥Ã»·¸òµÛ§O¤Hªº¸}¨B«e¶i. ¤µ¤Ñ Delphi, VB ¯à¦³¦h¤Ö¥\¯à, §A¤~¯à
¦³¦h¤Ö¥\¯à. ¦pªG§A¥u·| VB, ½æ VB
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¥Ø¥úµu¤pªº¤H¦h¤F, ³nÅé¤u·~©l²×µLªk¤Wy¹D. ¤j·§
ÁÙn¨ü M$ ®_¨îÓ´X¦~.......*sigh*
> §A¯à¹ï assembly ¦³¿³½ì, ¦ý¨Ã¤£¬O¤H¤H³£¬O, ¦Ó²{¦bªº°ª¶¥os¤¤assembly·|¦³¶Ü?
> ÁÙ¦³¤HÄ@·N¬°³o¨Ços°µassembler¶Ü?
Ãø¹D¨S¦³¶Ü.? Unix ¨S¦³ assembler ¶Ü..? ¨þ¨þ..
Ãø¹D°ª¶¥ªºos´N¨S¦³machine code ¤F¶Ü..? ¨þ¨þ..
§¹¥þ¨S¦³¥Î¨ì assembly ªºOSn«ç»ò¹ï³t«×³Ì¨Î¤Æ§Ú¹ê
¦b«ÜÃhºÃ..
main(v,c) char**c;{for(v[c++]="Hello, world!\n"
(!!c) [*c]&&(v--||--c&&execlp(*c,*c,c[!!c]+!!c,!c));
**c=!c)write(!!*c,*c,!!**c);}
¢z¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢{
¢x Qing Wang ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì¤K¤»¯Å ¤ý«Ø¿³ is82219@cis.nctu.edu.tw ¢x
¢x Void: 140.113.5.151 7777 qing@ccca.nctu.edu.tw ¢x
¢|¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢}
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: is82219@cis.nctu (Qing), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ìpºâ¾÷¤¤¤ß (Thu Feb 22 12:36:07 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!cissun51!is82219
Terry (TerryAries.bbs@bbs.ncku.edu.tw) wrote:
>> Ãø©Ç¤F.. ¦]¬°§Aªº assembly ÁÙ°±¯d¦b¤£¹ê¥Îªº¶¥¬q. ¨þ...
> §Ú¤£ª¾§A©Ò¿×ªº¹ê¥Î¬O¤°»ò©O? ¤£·|¬O inline §a? §Ú¨ì²{¦b³£¬O¾ãÓ program
> ¥Î assembly ¼gªº, ¤£¹L³£¬O¼g¨Ó¦Û¤v¥Î. ¦ý§ÚÁÙ¬O·Qª¾§A©Ò»¡ªº¹ê¥Î..
³oºØ¥þ³¡³£¥Î ASM ¼gµ{¦¡ªº°µªk, ¬O§ÚÁÙ¦bŪ°ª¤¤®É¥Nªº¨Æ. °O±o
·í®É«Ü°í«ù, ¤@©wn¥þ¥Î ASM ¼g. §¹¦¨¤F¥Í¥²Ä¤@Ó EDITOR. ¤£
¹L°ª¤T¤§«á¤~º¥º¥¤F¸Ñ ASM ©M °ª¶¥»y¨¥·f°tªº®Ä²v¥H¤Î¶}µo³t«×
ªº¨ó½Õ. §Ú©Ò¿×ªº¹ê¥Î´N¬O§â§Aªºµ{¦¡¤¤¯uªº»Ýn³t«×ªº³¡¥÷©ÎªÌ
¬O¹ï©óµwÅé±±¨îÅãµM¤ñ°ª¶¥»y¨¥¨Ó±o¤è«Kªº³¡¥÷¥H ASM ¨Ó¼¶¼g.
¦bŪ°ª¤¤ªº®ÉÔ, §Ú¤@«×¹ï¼¶¼g¯f¬r«Ü¦³¿³½ì. ¦ý¬O§Ú«Ü¼y©¯§Ú¨Ã
¤£·|»{¬° CRACK ©ÎªÌ¬O VIRUS ¶È¬O·í«e¼¶¼g ASM CODE ªº¤H°ß¤@
ªº¥X¸ô. ¦b§Ú¼¶¼gªº AP ¤¤, ¤´µM¯à¾A«×ªº¹B¥Î ASM CODE ¨Ó·f°t.
§A¤£¯à»¡ ASM ¯à¥D®_¤@¤Á, ¦ý¦³¤H¦³³oӻݨD, ¦³¨ÇªF¦è¦³³oӻݨD.
¦pªG§A¤£º¡¨¬³o¨Ç»Ý¨D, §A¤j¥i¤£¥Î¾Ç, §Ú·Q³o¬O william ªº·N«ä.
[deleted]
> UNIX ¬O¦³ assembler, ¦ý§A·|¥Î¶Ü? §Aª¾¥¦ªº system call n¦p¦ó¼g´N·Ð½Ð§iª¾,
> §Ú¹ê¦b¤£ª¾¦p¦ó¼g UNIX ¤Uªº assembly (¥u·| VAX ªº).
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¨Ã¤£¬O³æ¤@¦s¦b©ó¬YÓ¾÷¾¹¤§¤Uªº§@·~¨t²Î. ¤£¹L°£¤F PC ¥~, §Ú¤]
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¬O³¡¥÷ªÖ©w ASM, ¤£¹L§Aªº»¡ªk«o¬O§¹¥þ§_©w ASM ¦³¾Ç²ßªº¥²n.
> »¡¤@¥y, ¥xÆWn¦³¦Û¤vªº§Þ³N, ´N±o¹ï°ò¥»¬ì¾Ç¼W¥[§ë¸ê, ¥B¥xÆWÉ]±ªº¹q¸£®Ñ,
> ´X¥G³£¬O¼oª«, ¥B¬Ý¤j³°ªº, ®t¤Ó¦h¤F.
¶â.. ¤é¥»ªº¬ì§Þ¯àºò°l¦è¤è´N¬O¯à¦b³Ìµu®É¶¡¤º, ±N¦è¤èªº³Ì·sµÛ§@½
Ķ¦¨¤é¤å. ¥xÆWªº¥Xª©¬Éªº½T»Ýn¥[ªo.
main(v,c) char**c;{for(v[c++]="Hello, world!\n"
(!!c) [*c]&&(v--||--c&&execlp(*c,*c,c[!!c]+!!c,!c));
**c=!c)write(!!*c,*c,!!**c);}
¢z¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢{
¢x Qing Wang ¥æ¤j¸ê¬ì¤K¤»¯Å ¤ý«Ø¿³ is82219@cis.nctu.edu.tw ¢x
¢x Void: 140.113.5.151 7777 qing@ccca.nctu.edu.tw ¢x
¢|¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢}
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: EightCloud.bbs@firebird (´P¶³), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¤¤¥¿¸ê¤u¥|¦Ê¦~¨Ó²Ä¤@¯¸ (Sat Feb 24 13:18:13 1996)
©~¤h (dhh.bbs@bbs.ntu.edu.tw) ´£¨ì:
> ¹ï¤£°_¡A§Ú·Q´¡Ó¼L.......
> §Úı±o°£«D·Q·í¤@Ó¨t²Î³]p®v¡A§_«h¤£n¾Ç²Õ»y¡C
¾Ç²Õ»y, §Ú²{¦b»{¬°³Ì¤jªº¦n³B, ¤]¬O«Ü¦h¤H´£¹Lªº,
´N¬O¤F¸Ñ CPU ªº¹B§@¼Ò¦¡.
ÁöµM§Ú²{¦b¤w¸g«Ü¤Ö¥Î²Õ»y¤F,
¦ý§Ú¦b¼g C(++) ®É, ³£·|·QµÛ³oÓµ{¦¡½X·|³Q compiler ½¦¨«ç¼Ëªº²Õ»y?
®e¤£®e©ö³Ì¨Î¤Æ?
µ¥µ¥...
§ÚÁÙ¬Oı±o¾Ç²Õ»y, ¹ï§Ú¨Ó»¡, ¬O«Ü¦³À°§Uªº.
> ¦]¬°¤µ«á§Ú̱Nn¶i¤J¥t¤@Ó¡u§@·~¨t²Îªº®É¥N¡v¡A¤@¨Ç·sªº§@·~¨t²Î¡A
> ¦p linex ¡BOS2 ¡BWin95 ¡BWinNT µ¥µ¥¡A§Úı±oÀ³¸Ón¦³¯à¤O´x±±¹q¸£³]³Æªº
> ¤@¤Á¡A¨Ã±N³]³Æ¸ê·½¤À°tµ¹§Ų́ϥΡA¦Ó²Õ»y¼F®`¤§³B¡A´N¬O¦³¯à¤O¤Á¤J³]³Æ
> ±±¨îªº®Ö¤ß¡A¸U¤@µy¦³¤£·íªº½Õ°t¡A¬O¤£¬O·|±N¾ãÓ¨t²Î¡uºR·´¡v¤F?
¦b«OÅ@¸û¦nªº OS ùØ, ¦p linux, OS2, NT (95 ¤£¥]¬A¦b¤º),
´Nºâ§A¥Î²Õ»y¤]¤£¥i¯à¤Á¤J³]³Æ±±¨îªº®Ö¤ß, ¦MÀIªº«ü¥O¦b¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¼Ò¦¡
(¤]´N¬O¤@¯ëÀ³¥Îµ{¦¡°õ¦æªº¼Ò¦¡) ¤¤¬O³Q¸T¤îªº,
¤@¤Án³z¹L¨t²Î´£¨Ñªº system call, ¤Á¤J®Ö¤ß¼Ò¦¡, ¤~¥i¥H°õ¦æ
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¦Ó³oÓ«OÅ@¬O³z¹L CPU ´£¨Ñªº¥\¯à, ¦p x86 ªº«OÅ@¼Ò¦¡.
Åwªï¦Ü http://gais.cs.ccu.edu.tw/ ¨Ï¥Î GAIS ¬d¸ß¥xÆW¾Ç³Nºô¸ô¸ê·½(BBS,WWW,FTP)
=============================================================================
µo«H¤H: lsw.bbs@bbs.ntu (Lisan), «H°Ï: programming
¼Ð ÃD: Re: ÁÙn¾Ç²Õ»y¶Ü?
µo«H¯¸: ¥x¤jp¤¤·¦ªL·±¡¯¸ (Sun Feb 25 08:08:17 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!news.csie.nctu!netnews.ntu!Palmarama
==> gsw.bbs@alab01.ee.nctu (DINO (¨f¿Õ)) ´£¨ì:
> 0. ©Ò¿×¡u³]³Æ±±¨îªº®Ö¤ß¡v«üªºÀ³¸Ó´N¬O§@·~¨t²Îªº®Ö¤ß§a¡I
> 1. ½Ö»¡¥u¦³²Õ¦X»y¨¥¤~¦³¯à¤O¤Á¤J§@·~¨t²Îªº®Ö¤ß¡A¤@¨Ç Security &
> Protection °µªº¸û®tªº¨t²Î¦p DOS ¡A¨ä®Ö¤ß·Ó¼Ë¥i³Q¨ä¥L°ª¶¥»y¨¥
> (¦p C¡BPascal¡BBASIC µ¥) ©Ò¼gªºµ{¦¡©Ò«I¤J¡C
> 2. §@·~¨t²Î Security & Protection ®t¡A¬O·íªì³]p¤£·í©Î¦Ò¼{¤£©P
> ©ÒP¡C¸òµ{¦¡»y¨¥¦n¹³¨S¦³¤°»òÃö«Y¡A©Ç¸o©ó¡u²Õ¦X»y¨¥¡v¦³ÂI¯îÂÕ¡C
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[Origin: ¡··¦ªL·±¡¡·] [From: raider.ee.ntu.edu.tw] [Login: **] [Post: **]
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µo«H¤H: newmike.bbs@csie.nctu (Mike), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¤u»ñ°Ä«°¸ê°T¯¸ (Sun Mar 3 16:33:06 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!news.csie.nctu!phoenix
==> ¦b ck830385@ck.tp.edu.tw (Shi-Chung Chou) ªº¤å³¹¤¤´£¨ì:
> »¡¹ê¦bªº, ª§³oºØ°ÝÃD¹ê¦b¬O«ÜµL²á
> ¦pªG²Õ»y·|¥Î¨ìªº¸Ü´N¾Ç, ¥Î³£¥Î¤£¨ìªº¸Ü, ´N¤£¥Îªá¶O¤ß«ä¥h¾Ç
> ¦pªG¥u¬O·Q¤F¸Ñ, ¥un©ñ°Ñ¦Ò¸ê®Æ¦b®ÇÃä¹ï·Ó´N¦n¤F.
Hi:
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NewMike 03-03-1996.
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µo«H¤H: clock.bbs@csie.nctu (©@°Ø¶W¤H), «H°Ï: programming
µo«H¯¸: ¥æ¤j¸ê¤u»ñ°Ä«°¸ê°T¯¸ (Mon Mar 4 13:47:32 1996)
Âà«H¯¸: cis_nctu!news.cis.nctu!news.cc.nctu!news.csie.nctu!phoenix
==> ¦b ates.bbs@cis.nctu.edu.tw (§Ú¤£³ßÅw§Ú¦Û¤vC) ªº¤å³¹¤¤´£¨ì:
> ³o¨Ç²z¥Ñ³£¦n¹³¬O¦b Win95, OS/2 ÁÙ¨S·¦æ«eªº»¡ªk,
> ¨º.. ²{¦b©O? ¤S, ¥¼¨Ó©O?
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©Î OS/2 ¤Uªºµ{¦¡¨Ã³£¬O¥þ³¡³£¬O¥Î C ©Î¨ä¥L°ª¶¥»y¨¥»s
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¶¡¦b³oùØ°Q½×¾Ç¤£¾Ç²Õ¦X»y¨¥Ë¤£¦pª½±µ¥h¾Ç¾Ç¬Ý..
¦Ó¥B, ±zı±o³oÓ¥@¬É¬O¥Ñ Win95/OS2 ºc¦¨ªº¶Ü?
(ÃD¥~¸Ü, °²¦p¡yª½±µ¥Î±o¨ì¡zªºª¾ÃѤ~¥h¾Ç²ß, ²{¦bªº
¤j¾Ç¥i¯à·|Åܦ¨Â¾·~°V½m¯Z¤F..)
----====**** Good-bye & Hello ****====----
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